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<!--
     The FreeBSD Russian Documentation Project

     $FreeBSD$
     $FreeBSDru: frdp/release/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/hardware/i386/proc-i386.sgml,v 1.1 2004/05/27 06:09:43 den Exp $

     Original revision: 1.14
-->

<sect1 id="proc">
  <title>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÙ É ÍÁÔÅÒÉÎÓËÉÅ ÐÌÁÔÙ</title>

  <para>&os;/i386 ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÎÁ ÓÁÍÙÈ ÒÁÚÎÏÏÂÒÁÚÎÙÈ <quote>IBM PC
    ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙÈ</quote> ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁÈ.  ðÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ×ÙÂÏÒ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
    ÄÌÑ ÜÔÏÊ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ ÏÇÒÏÍÅÎ, ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÄÁÔØ ÐÏÌÎÙÊ ÓÐÉÓÏË
    ×ÓÅÈ ËÏÍÂÉÎÁÃÉÊ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÈ &os;.
    ôÅÍ ÎÅ ÍÅÎÅÅ, ÚÄÅÓØ ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÏÂÝÉÅ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ.</para>

  <para>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÐÏÞÔÉ ×ÓÅ i386-ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÙ
    Ó ÍÁÔÅÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉÍ ÓÏÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÏÍ.
    ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ×ÓÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÙ, ÎÁÞÉÎÁÑ Ó 80486, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ
    80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III,
    Pentium 4 É ÉÈ ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÙ, ÔÁËÉÅ ËÁË Xeon É Celeron.
    ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÔÁËÖÅ ×ÓÅ i386 ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙÅ
    ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÙ AMD, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ Am486, Am5x86, K5, K6 (É ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÙ),
    Athlon (×ËÌÀÞÁÑ Athlon-MP, Athlon-XP, Athlon-4,
    É Athlon Thunderbird) É Duron.  ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ×ÓÔÒÏÅÎÎÙÊ
    ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒ AMD &Eacute;lan SC520.  Transmeta Crusoe ÒÁÓÐÏÚÎÁÅÔÓÑ
    É ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ, ËÁË É i386 ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÙ ÏÔ Cyrix
    É NexGen.</para>

  <para>äÌÑ ÜÔÏÊ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ ÛÉÒÏËÉÊ ×ÙÂÏÒ ÍÁÔÅÒÉÎÓËÉÈ ÐÌÁÔ.
    ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÍÁÔÅÒÉÎÓËÉÅ ÐÌÁÔÙ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÉÅ ÛÉÎÙ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑ
    ISA, VLB, EISA, AGP, É PCI.  éÍÅÅÔÓÑ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÎÁÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ
    ÛÉÎÙ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑ MCA (<quote>MicroChannel</quote>), ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÏÊ
    × ÌÉÎÅÊËÅ PC IBM PS/2.</para>

  <para>óÉÍÍÅÔÒÉÞÎÙÅ ÍÎÏÇÏÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÎÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ (SMP) ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ
    &os;, ÈÏÔÑ × ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ ÏÛÉÂËÉ × BIOS ÉÌÉ ÍÁÔÅÒÉÎÓËÏÊ
    ÐÌÁÔÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ÙÚ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ.  ÷ÎÉÍÁÔÅÌØÎÏÅ ÞÔÅÎÉÅ ÁÒÈÉ×Ï×
    &a.smp; ÍÏÖÅÔ ÄÁÔØ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÒÅÛÅÎÉÑ.</para>

  <para>&os; ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÐÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Á HyperThreading (HTT) ÎÁ
    Intel CPU, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÜÔÕ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ.
    ñÄÒÏ Ó ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÍ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏÍ <literal>options&nbsp;SMP</literal>
    Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÉÔ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÌÏÇÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÙ.
    ðÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÝÉË &os; ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÌÏÇÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÙ ÔÁË ÖÅ,
    ËÁË É ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÆÉÚÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÙ; ÄÒÕÇÉÍÉ ÓÌÏ×ÁÍÉ,
    ÎÅ ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÐÙÔËÉ ÏÐÔÉÍÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÒÁÓÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÚÁÄÁÞ ÍÅÖÄÕ
    ÌÏÇÉÞÅÓËÉÍÉ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÁÍÉ ×ÎÕÔÒÉ ÏÄÎÏÇÏ CPU.  ðÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÔÁËÏÅ
    ÐÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÙÚ×ÁÔØ ÐÏÎÉÖÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ, ÐÒÉ
    ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÕÓÌÏ×ÉÑÈ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÙÍ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÌÏÇÉÞÅÓËÉÈ
    ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÏ× ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ sysctl <varname>machdep.hlt_logical_cpus</varname>.
    ÷ÏÚÍÏÖÅÎ ÔÁËÖÅ ÏÓÔÁÎÏ× ÌÀÂÏÇÏ CPU × ÃÉËÌÅ ÏÖÉÄÁÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ
    sysctl <varname>machdep.hlt_cpus</varname>.  óÔÒÁÎÉÃÁ &man.smp.4;
    ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ.</para>

  <para>&os; ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÐÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï Physical Address Extensions (PAE)
    ÎÁ CPU, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÈ ÜÔÕ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ.  ñÄÒÏ Ó ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÍ
    <literal>PAE</literal> ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÉÔ ÐÁÍÑÔØ Ó×ÙÛÅ 4 ÇÉÇÁÂÁÊÔ É ×ËÌÀÞÉÔ
    ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÅÅ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ.  üÔÁ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÎÁËÌÁÄÙ×ÁÅÔ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÑ
    ÎÁ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ &os;, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ
    ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÙ; ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ
    &man.pae.4; ÚÁ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ.</para>

  <para>&os; ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÎÁ i386 ÌÜÐÔÏÐÁÈ, ÈÏÔÑ É Ó ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍ
    ÕÒÏ×ÎÅÍ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÈ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÅÊ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ, ÔÁËÉÈ
    ËÁË Ú×ÕË, ÇÒÁÆÉËÁ, ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÜÎÅÒÇÏÐÏÔÒÅÂÌÅÎÉÅÍ É ÓÌÏÔÁÍÉ
    ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑ PCCARD.  üÔÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÎÁ ÒÁÚÎÙÈ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁÈ
    ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÙ ÓÁÍÙÍÉ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍÉ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁÍÉ, É ÚÁÞÁÓÔÕÀ ÔÒÅÂÕÀÔ
    ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏÊ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ × &os; ÄÌÑ ÏÂÈÏÄÁ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÙÈ ÏÛÉÂÏË ÉÌÉ
    ÎÅÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÏÇÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ.  ðÒÉ ×ÏÚÎÉËÎÏ×ÅÎÉÉ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÍÏÞØ
    ÐÏÉÓË × ÁÒÈÉ×ÁÈ &a.mobile;.</para>

  <para>âÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÓÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÌÜÐÔÏÐÏ× (ËÁË É ÍÎÏÇÉÅ ÄÅÓËÔÏÐÙ) ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ
    ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔ Advanced Configuration and Power Management (ACPI).
    &os; ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ACPI ÞÅÒÅÚ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÀ ACPI Component Architecture
    ÏÔ Intel, ËÁË ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ × ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ &man.acpi.4;.  éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ
    ACPI ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏ×ÌÅÞØ ÎÅÓÔÁÂÉÌØÎÕÀ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÏ× É ÍÏÖÅÔ
    ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ACPI ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÔÓÑ
    ÞÅÒÅÚ ÍÏÄÕÌØ ÑÄÒÁ.  üÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÏ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ
    Ë <filename>/boot/device.hints</filename> ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ:</para>

  <programlisting>hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"</programlisting>

  <para>ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÀÝÉÅ ÏÔÌÁÄËÕ ACPI, ÍÏÇÕÔ ÏÔËÌÀÞÁÔØ ACPI
    ÐÏ ÞÁÓÔÑÍ.  óÔÒÁÎÉÃÁ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ &man.acpi.4; ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÂÏÌÅÅ
    ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÔÏÍ, ËÁË ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÜÔÏ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ
    loader.</para>

  <para>ACPI ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÔ ÏÔ Differentiated System Descriptor Table
    (DSDT), ÎÁÈÏÄÑÝÅÊÓÑ × BIOS ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁ.  DSDT ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ
    ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÏ× ÎÅÐÏÌÎÁ, ÞÔÏ ÎÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ACPI ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ.
    úÁÍÅÎÕ DSDT ÄÌÑ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÏ× ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ <ulink
    url="http://acpi.sourceforge.net/dsdt/index.php">DSDT</ulink>
    ÓÁÊÔÁ ÐÒÏÅËÔÁ <ulink
    url="http://acpi.sourceforge.net/">ACPI4Linux</ulink>.
    &os; ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÜÔÉ DSDT ÄÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÉÓÉ DSDT, ÎÁÈÏÄÑÝÉÈÓÑ
    × BIOS; ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ &man.acpi.4; ÚÁ ÂÏÌÅÅ
    ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ.</para>

</sect1>