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-This Boot code is different from the original boot code that came with
-386BSD in that it uses the BIOS to load the kernel and to provide all i/o
-services. The advantage ofthis is that the same boot code exactly, can run
-on any device that is supported by the BIOS. (That's most of them)
-This is important for the 'generic scsi' project because it means we can
-write drivers for new scsi adapters without having to develop an new
-set of boot blocks for each.
-
-At this point you should read the first part of README.MACH... come back here
-when you have done that:
-
-In normal operation, when co-existing with other operating systems, the
-following operations occur:
-
-1/ the BIOS loads the first block of the disk (called the Master Boot Record
-or MBR) and if it has the correct magic numbers, jumps into it:
-
-2/ The MBR code, looks at the Partition table that is embedded within it,
-to detirmine which is the partition to boot from. If you are using the os-bs
-bootblocks (highly recommended) then it will give you a menu to choose from.
-
-3/ The MBR will load the first record of the selected partition and
-if it has (the same) magic numbers, jumps into it. In 386bsd this is the
-first stage boot, (or boot1) it is represented in /usr/mdec by
-wdboot, asboot and sdboot. If the disk has been set up without DOS partitioning
-then this block will be at block zero, and will have been loaded directly by
-the BIOS.
-
-4/ Boot1 will look at block0 (which might be itself if there are no DOS
-partitions) and will find the 386bsd partition, and using the information
-regarding the start position of that partition, will load the next 13 sectors
-or so, to around 90000 (640k - 64k). and will jump into it at the appropriate
-entry point. Since boot1 and boot2 were compiled together as one file
-and then split later, boot1 knows the exact position within boot2 of the
-entry point.
-
-Boot 1 also contains a compiled in DOS partition table
-(in case it is at block 0), which contains a 386bsd partition starting
-at 0. This ensures that the same code can work whether or not
-boot1 is at block 0.
-
-5/ Boot2 asks the user for a boot device, partition and filename, and then
-loads the MBR of the selected device. This may or may not be the device
-which was originally used to boot the first MBR. The partition table
-of the new MBR is searched for a 386bsd partition, and if one is found,
-that is then in turn searched for the disklabel. This could all be on the
-second disk at this point, if the user selected it.
-
-6/On finding the disklabel, boot2 can find the correct unix partition
-within the 386bsd partition, and using cutdown filesystem code,
-look for the file to boot (e.g. 386bsd).
-
-7/ Boot2 loads this file starting at the location specified by the a.out header,
-(see later) and leaps into it at the location specified in he header.
-
-if the file does not exist or cannot be loaded, boot2 goes back to step 5.
-
-386bsd is now running and will hopefully start vm etc. and get to multi-user
-mode.
-
-##########################################################################
-During all these steps, all i/o is performed using the BIOS. This has a number
-of side effects:
-
-1/ Since BIOS disk calls are specified in terms of cylinder,head and sector,
-and the BIOS read the disk information from either the CMOS or from some other
-location which is un-available to us, we must use the cyl,head,sec information
-that is given in the MBR, rather than the start address in the MBR, because
-we cannot guarentee that we can corectly calculate C,H,S from the start address.
-
-Therefore, the C,H,S information in the MBR must be as correct for this boot
-to work as it would be for DOS to boot. For example, adaptec BIOS routines
-assume a layout of 64 heads and 32 sectors giving 1MB per ficticious cylinder.
-You must use these figures to calculate the correct values. Luckily, the DOS
-fdisk program will do all this for you if you tell it to give you a DOS
-partition, and you can change it to a 386BSD partition later. If you use
-no DOS partitioning, then the compiled in table in Boot1 will do just fine.
-
-If you want to do it by hand remember that BIOS counts sectors starting at 1.
-(cylinders and heads start at 0 (??))
-
-2/ you cannot overwrite the bottom 4k of ram until you have finished ALL
-bios calls, as BIOS uses this area as scratch memory.
-
-3/ Since BIOS runs in REAL mode, and Boot2 runs in protected mode,
-Boot 2 switches back to real mode just before each BIOS call and then
-back to protected mode on each return. Touch this at your peril.!
-
-#########################################################################
-In answering the prompt from Boot2:
-you can,
-1/ leave it alone.. it will boot the indicated file from the first
-partition of the first drive seen by the BIOS (C:)
-
-2/ enter only "-s" to boot the default to single user mode
-
-3/ enter only a filename (optionally with -s) to boot that kernel,
-
-4/ enter a whole line of the form shown in the prompt. This allows you to
-boot some other partition, possibly on the second drive, as root.
-
-
-##########################################################################
-In the case you have two drives the same type (both scsi or bith IDE/ESDI),
-wd(0,a)xxx
- will boot xxx from drive 0, a partition.
-wd(1,a)xxx
- will boot xxx from drive 1, a partition.
-
-similarly for sd.
-
-if you have one wd drive and one scsi drive, then you MUST
-use device 'hd'
-
-otherwise the following will happen:
-
-with wd0 and sd0, you specify sd1 or wd1 to indicate the 2nd drive.
-it boots the kernel correctly, then tells the kernel to use sd1 as root.
-you however may not have an sd1, and problems arise.
-
-hd is special in that the kernel is always told to use unit 0,
-The correct TYPE of device will be specified too, so the kernel
-will be told either sd0 or wd0.
-
-Whether sd or wd is specified to the kernel is read from the disklabel,
-so ensure that all SCSI disks have type SCSI in their disklabel or the
-boot code will assume they are ESDI or IDE. (Remember, because it is
-working through the BIOS it has ho idea what kind of disk it is.
-
-##########################################################################
-Installing:
-The makefile supplied has a target install which will create the
-files wdboot,bootwd ,sdboot and bootsd in /usr/mdec.
-BEWARE these will overwrite the existing wdboot and bootwd. (so back
-them up)
-
-there are also targets wd and sd which wil only do one of them
-
-The commented out targets wd0 and sd0 are examples of how to
-load the new bootblocks, however,make sure you change the
-device type and label to suit your drive if you uncomment them.
-(see 'man disklabel')
-
-If you already have made partitions using the old bootblocks
-these should install painlessly.
-
-Before you do this ensure you have a booting floppy with correct
-disktab and bootblock files on it so that if it doesn't work, you can
-re-disklabel from the floppy.
-
-$Id$