diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'share')
-rw-r--r-- | share/man/man8/crash.8 | 4 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | share/man/man8/man8.alpha/MAKEDEV.8 | 6 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | share/man/man8/man8.alpha/Makefile | 8 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | share/man/man8/man8.alpha/crash.8 | 216 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | share/man/man8/man8.i386/Makefile | 6 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | share/man/man8/man8.i386/crash.8 | 216 |
6 files changed, 12 insertions, 444 deletions
diff --git a/share/man/man8/crash.8 b/share/man/man8/crash.8 index 7745a9595869..2523c141afa1 100644 --- a/share/man/man8/crash.8 +++ b/share/man/man8/crash.8 @@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" -.\" $Id: crash.8,v 1.6 1997/02/22 13:26:18 peter Exp $ +.\" $Id: crash.8,v 1.7 1997/03/21 20:14:12 mpp Exp $ .\" .Dd February 2, 1996 -.Dt CRASH 8 i386 +.Dt CRASH 8 .Os FreeBSD .Sh NAME .Nm crash diff --git a/share/man/man8/man8.alpha/MAKEDEV.8 b/share/man/man8/man8.alpha/MAKEDEV.8 index b13c3fa2a210..052a90477963 100644 --- a/share/man/man8/man8.alpha/MAKEDEV.8 +++ b/share/man/man8/man8.alpha/MAKEDEV.8 @@ -30,10 +30,10 @@ .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)MAKEDEV.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 -.\" $Id: MAKEDEV.8,v 1.11 1999/03/07 18:53:10 ghelmer Exp $ +.\" $Id: MAKEDEV.8,v 1.12 1999/04/29 02:12:08 billf Exp $ .\" .Dd June 5, 1993 -.Dt MAKEDEV 8 i386 +.Dt MAKEDEV 8 Alpha .Os .Sh NAME .Nm MAKEDEV @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ The former creates the standard devices for the architecture. The latter is for devices specific to the local site, and executes the shell file ``MAKEDEV.local''. .Pp -The i386 supports the following devices. +The Alpha supports the following devices. Where a device name is followed by a hash sign (``#''), the hash sign must be replaced by a unit number. .Bl -tag -width indent diff --git a/share/man/man8/man8.alpha/Makefile b/share/man/man8/man8.alpha/Makefile index cf82da993078..2edcada3890f 100644 --- a/share/man/man8/man8.alpha/Makefile +++ b/share/man/man8/man8.alpha/Makefile @@ -1,9 +1,9 @@ # @(#)Makefile 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 -# $Id$ +# $Id: Makefile,v 1.5 1997/03/07 03:28:23 jmg Exp $ -MAN8= MAKEDEV.8 crash.8 -MANSUBDIR=/i386 +MAN8= MAKEDEV.8 +MANSUBDIR=/alpha -MLINKS= MAKEDEV.8 ../MAKEDEV.8 crash.8 ../crash.8 +MLINKS= MAKEDEV.8 ../MAKEDEV.8 .include <bsd.prog.mk> diff --git a/share/man/man8/man8.alpha/crash.8 b/share/man/man8/man8.alpha/crash.8 deleted file mode 100644 index 7745a9595869..000000000000 --- a/share/man/man8/man8.alpha/crash.8 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,216 +0,0 @@ -.\" FreeBSD version Copyright (c) 1996 -.\" Mike Pritchard <mpp@FreeBSD.org>. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Adapted from share/man/man8/man8.hp300/crash.8 -.\" -.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993 -.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" $Id: crash.8,v 1.6 1997/02/22 13:26:18 peter Exp $ -.\" -.Dd February 2, 1996 -.Dt CRASH 8 i386 -.Os FreeBSD -.Sh NAME -.Nm crash -.Nd -.Tn FreeBSD -system failures -.Sh DESCRIPTION -This section explains a bit about system crashes -and (very briefly) how to analyze crash dumps. -.Pp -When the system crashes voluntarily it prints a message of the form -.Bd -ragged -offset indent -panic: why i gave up the ghost -.Ed -.Pp -on the console, and if dumps have been enabled (see -.Xr dumpon 8 ) , -takes a dump on a mass storage peripheral, -and then invokes an automatic reboot procedure as -described in -.Xr reboot 8 . -Unless some unexpected inconsistency is encountered in the state -of the file systems due to hardware or software failure, the system -will then resume multi-user operations. -.Pp -The system has a large number of internal consistency checks; if one -of these fails, then it will panic with a very short message indicating -which one failed. -In many instances, this will be the name of the routine which detected -the error, or a two-word description of the inconsistency. -A full understanding of most panic messages requires perusal of the -source code for the system. -.Pp -The most common cause of system failures is hardware failure, which -can reflect itself in different ways. Here are the messages which -are most likely, with some hints as to causes. -Left unstated in all cases is the possibility that hardware or software -error produced the message in some unexpected way. -.Pp -.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact -.It Sy "cannot mount root" -This panic message results from a failure to mount the root filesystem -during the bootstrap process. -Either the root filesystem has been corrupted, -or the system is attempting to use the wrong device as root filesystem. -Usually, an alternate copy of the system binary or an alternate root -filesystem can be used to bring up the system to investigate. Most often -this is done by the use of the boot floppy you used to install the system, -and then using the "fixit" floppy. -.Pp -.It Sy "init: not found" -This is not a panic message, as reboots are likely to be futile. -Late in the bootstrap procedure, the system was unable to locate -and execute the initialization process, -.Xr init 8 . -The root filesystem is incorrect or has been corrupted, or the mode -or type of -.Pa /sbin/init -forbids execution or is totally missing. -.Pp -.Pp -.It Sy "ffs_realloccg: bad optim" -.It Sy "ffs_valloc: dup alloc" -.It Sy "ffs_alloccgblk: cyl groups corrupted" -.It Sy "ffs_alloccg: map corrupted" -.It Sy "blkfree: freeing free block" -.It Sy "blkfree: freeing free frag" -.It Sy "ifree: freeing free inode" -These panic messages are among those that may be produced -when filesystem inconsistencies are detected. -The problem generally results from a failure to repair damaged filesystems -after a crash, hardware failures, or other condition that should not -normally occur. -A filesystem check will normally correct the problem. -.Pp -.It Sy "timeout table full" -This really shouldn't be a panic, but until the data structure -involved is made to be extensible, running out of entries causes a crash. -If this happens, make the timeout table bigger. -.Pp -.\" .It Sy "trap type %d, code = %x, v = %x" -.\" An unexpected trap has occurred within the system; the trap types are: -.\" .Bl -column xxxx -offset indent -.\" 0 bus error -.\" 1 address error -.\" 2 illegal instruction -.\" 3 divide by zero -.\" .No 4\t Em chk No instruction -.\" .No 5\t Em trapv No instruction -.\" 6 privileged instruction -.\" 7 trace trap -.\" 8 MMU fault -.\" 9 simulated software interrupt -.\" 10 format error -.\" 11 FP coprocessor fault -.\" 12 coprocessor fault -.\" 13 simulated AST -.\" .El -.\" .Pp -.\" The favorite trap type in system crashes is trap type 8, -.\" indicating a wild reference. -.\" ``code'' (hex) is the concatenation of the -.\" MMU -.\" status register -.\" (see <hp300/cpu.h>) -.\" in the high 16 bits and the 68020 special status word -.\" (see the 68020 manual, page 6-17) -.\" in the low 16. -.\" ``v'' (hex) is the virtual address which caused the fault. -.\" Additionally, the kernel will dump about a screenful of semi-useful -.\" information. -.\" ``pid'' (decimal) is the process id of the process running at the -.\" time of the exception. -.\" Note that if we panic in an interrupt routine, -.\" this process may not be related to the panic. -.\" ``ps'' (hex) is the 68020 processor status register ``ps''. -.\" ``pc'' (hex) is the value of the program counter saved -.\" on the hardware exception frame. -.\" It may -.\" .Em not -.\" be the PC of the instruction causing the fault. -.\" ``sfc'' and ``dfc'' (hex) are the 68020 source/destination function codes. -.\" They should always be one. -.\" ``p0'' and ``p1'' are the -.\" VAX-like -.\" region registers. -.\" They are of the form: -.\" .Pp -.\" .Bd -ragged -offset indent -.\" <length> '@' <kernel VA> -.\" .Ed -.\" .Pp -.\" where both are in hex. -.\" Following these values are a dump of the processor registers (hex). -.\" Finally, is a dump of the stack (user/kernel) at the time of the offense. -.\" .Pp -.It Sy "init died (signal #, exit #)" -The system initialization process has exited with the specified signal number and exit code. This is bad news, as no new -users will then be able to log in. Rebooting is the only fix, so the -system just does it right away. -.Pp -That completes the list of panic types you are likely to see. -.Pp -If the system has been configured to take crash dumps (see -.Xr dumpon 8 ) , -then when it crashes it will write (or at least attempt to write) -an image of memory into the back end of the dump device, -usually the same as the primary swap -area. After the system is rebooted, the program -.Xr savecore 8 -runs and preserves a copy of this core image and the current -system in a specified directory for later perusal. See -.Xr savecore 8 -for details. -.Pp -To analyze a dump you should begin by running -.Xr gdb 1 -with the -.Fl k -flag on the system load image and core dump. -If the core image is the result of a panic, -the panic message is printed. -For more details consult the chapter on kernel debugging in -the -.Tn FreeBSD -handbook (http://www.freebsd.org). -.Sh SEE ALSO -.Xr gdb 1 , -.Xr dumpon 8 , -.Xr reboot 8 , -.Xr savecore 8 -.Sh HISTORY -A -.Nm crash -man page first appeared in -.Fx 2.2 . diff --git a/share/man/man8/man8.i386/Makefile b/share/man/man8/man8.i386/Makefile index cf82da993078..055dbc95b904 100644 --- a/share/man/man8/man8.i386/Makefile +++ b/share/man/man8/man8.i386/Makefile @@ -1,9 +1,9 @@ # @(#)Makefile 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 -# $Id$ +# $Id: Makefile,v 1.5 1997/03/07 03:28:23 jmg Exp $ -MAN8= MAKEDEV.8 crash.8 +MAN8= MAKEDEV.8 MANSUBDIR=/i386 -MLINKS= MAKEDEV.8 ../MAKEDEV.8 crash.8 ../crash.8 +MLINKS= MAKEDEV.8 ../MAKEDEV.8 .include <bsd.prog.mk> diff --git a/share/man/man8/man8.i386/crash.8 b/share/man/man8/man8.i386/crash.8 deleted file mode 100644 index 7745a9595869..000000000000 --- a/share/man/man8/man8.i386/crash.8 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,216 +0,0 @@ -.\" FreeBSD version Copyright (c) 1996 -.\" Mike Pritchard <mpp@FreeBSD.org>. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Adapted from share/man/man8/man8.hp300/crash.8 -.\" -.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993 -.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" $Id: crash.8,v 1.6 1997/02/22 13:26:18 peter Exp $ -.\" -.Dd February 2, 1996 -.Dt CRASH 8 i386 -.Os FreeBSD -.Sh NAME -.Nm crash -.Nd -.Tn FreeBSD -system failures -.Sh DESCRIPTION -This section explains a bit about system crashes -and (very briefly) how to analyze crash dumps. -.Pp -When the system crashes voluntarily it prints a message of the form -.Bd -ragged -offset indent -panic: why i gave up the ghost -.Ed -.Pp -on the console, and if dumps have been enabled (see -.Xr dumpon 8 ) , -takes a dump on a mass storage peripheral, -and then invokes an automatic reboot procedure as -described in -.Xr reboot 8 . -Unless some unexpected inconsistency is encountered in the state -of the file systems due to hardware or software failure, the system -will then resume multi-user operations. -.Pp -The system has a large number of internal consistency checks; if one -of these fails, then it will panic with a very short message indicating -which one failed. -In many instances, this will be the name of the routine which detected -the error, or a two-word description of the inconsistency. -A full understanding of most panic messages requires perusal of the -source code for the system. -.Pp -The most common cause of system failures is hardware failure, which -can reflect itself in different ways. Here are the messages which -are most likely, with some hints as to causes. -Left unstated in all cases is the possibility that hardware or software -error produced the message in some unexpected way. -.Pp -.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact -.It Sy "cannot mount root" -This panic message results from a failure to mount the root filesystem -during the bootstrap process. -Either the root filesystem has been corrupted, -or the system is attempting to use the wrong device as root filesystem. -Usually, an alternate copy of the system binary or an alternate root -filesystem can be used to bring up the system to investigate. Most often -this is done by the use of the boot floppy you used to install the system, -and then using the "fixit" floppy. -.Pp -.It Sy "init: not found" -This is not a panic message, as reboots are likely to be futile. -Late in the bootstrap procedure, the system was unable to locate -and execute the initialization process, -.Xr init 8 . -The root filesystem is incorrect or has been corrupted, or the mode -or type of -.Pa /sbin/init -forbids execution or is totally missing. -.Pp -.Pp -.It Sy "ffs_realloccg: bad optim" -.It Sy "ffs_valloc: dup alloc" -.It Sy "ffs_alloccgblk: cyl groups corrupted" -.It Sy "ffs_alloccg: map corrupted" -.It Sy "blkfree: freeing free block" -.It Sy "blkfree: freeing free frag" -.It Sy "ifree: freeing free inode" -These panic messages are among those that may be produced -when filesystem inconsistencies are detected. -The problem generally results from a failure to repair damaged filesystems -after a crash, hardware failures, or other condition that should not -normally occur. -A filesystem check will normally correct the problem. -.Pp -.It Sy "timeout table full" -This really shouldn't be a panic, but until the data structure -involved is made to be extensible, running out of entries causes a crash. -If this happens, make the timeout table bigger. -.Pp -.\" .It Sy "trap type %d, code = %x, v = %x" -.\" An unexpected trap has occurred within the system; the trap types are: -.\" .Bl -column xxxx -offset indent -.\" 0 bus error -.\" 1 address error -.\" 2 illegal instruction -.\" 3 divide by zero -.\" .No 4\t Em chk No instruction -.\" .No 5\t Em trapv No instruction -.\" 6 privileged instruction -.\" 7 trace trap -.\" 8 MMU fault -.\" 9 simulated software interrupt -.\" 10 format error -.\" 11 FP coprocessor fault -.\" 12 coprocessor fault -.\" 13 simulated AST -.\" .El -.\" .Pp -.\" The favorite trap type in system crashes is trap type 8, -.\" indicating a wild reference. -.\" ``code'' (hex) is the concatenation of the -.\" MMU -.\" status register -.\" (see <hp300/cpu.h>) -.\" in the high 16 bits and the 68020 special status word -.\" (see the 68020 manual, page 6-17) -.\" in the low 16. -.\" ``v'' (hex) is the virtual address which caused the fault. -.\" Additionally, the kernel will dump about a screenful of semi-useful -.\" information. -.\" ``pid'' (decimal) is the process id of the process running at the -.\" time of the exception. -.\" Note that if we panic in an interrupt routine, -.\" this process may not be related to the panic. -.\" ``ps'' (hex) is the 68020 processor status register ``ps''. -.\" ``pc'' (hex) is the value of the program counter saved -.\" on the hardware exception frame. -.\" It may -.\" .Em not -.\" be the PC of the instruction causing the fault. -.\" ``sfc'' and ``dfc'' (hex) are the 68020 source/destination function codes. -.\" They should always be one. -.\" ``p0'' and ``p1'' are the -.\" VAX-like -.\" region registers. -.\" They are of the form: -.\" .Pp -.\" .Bd -ragged -offset indent -.\" <length> '@' <kernel VA> -.\" .Ed -.\" .Pp -.\" where both are in hex. -.\" Following these values are a dump of the processor registers (hex). -.\" Finally, is a dump of the stack (user/kernel) at the time of the offense. -.\" .Pp -.It Sy "init died (signal #, exit #)" -The system initialization process has exited with the specified signal number and exit code. This is bad news, as no new -users will then be able to log in. Rebooting is the only fix, so the -system just does it right away. -.Pp -That completes the list of panic types you are likely to see. -.Pp -If the system has been configured to take crash dumps (see -.Xr dumpon 8 ) , -then when it crashes it will write (or at least attempt to write) -an image of memory into the back end of the dump device, -usually the same as the primary swap -area. After the system is rebooted, the program -.Xr savecore 8 -runs and preserves a copy of this core image and the current -system in a specified directory for later perusal. See -.Xr savecore 8 -for details. -.Pp -To analyze a dump you should begin by running -.Xr gdb 1 -with the -.Fl k -flag on the system load image and core dump. -If the core image is the result of a panic, -the panic message is printed. -For more details consult the chapter on kernel debugging in -the -.Tn FreeBSD -handbook (http://www.freebsd.org). -.Sh SEE ALSO -.Xr gdb 1 , -.Xr dumpon 8 , -.Xr reboot 8 , -.Xr savecore 8 -.Sh HISTORY -A -.Nm crash -man page first appeared in -.Fx 2.2 . |