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+//==- llvm/CodeGen/BreakFalseDeps.cpp - Break False Dependency Fix -*- C++ -*==//
+//
+// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+/// \file Break False Dependency pass.
+///
+/// Some instructions have false dependencies which cause unnecessary stalls.
+/// For exmaple, instructions that only write part of a register, and implicitly
+/// need to read the other parts of the register. This may cause unwanted
+/// stalls preventing otherwise unrelated instructions from executing in
+/// parallel in an out-of-order CPU.
+/// This pass is aimed at identifying and avoiding these depepndencies when
+/// possible.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "llvm/CodeGen/LivePhysRegs.h"
+#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFunctionPass.h"
+#include "llvm/CodeGen/ReachingDefAnalysis.h"
+#include "llvm/CodeGen/RegisterClassInfo.h"
+#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineRegisterInfo.h"
+#include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetInstrInfo.h"
+
+
+using namespace llvm;
+
+namespace llvm {
+
+class BreakFalseDeps : public MachineFunctionPass {
+private:
+ MachineFunction *MF;
+ const TargetInstrInfo *TII;
+ const TargetRegisterInfo *TRI;
+ RegisterClassInfo RegClassInfo;
+
+ /// List of undefined register reads in this block in forward order.
+ std::vector<std::pair<MachineInstr *, unsigned>> UndefReads;
+
+ /// Storage for register unit liveness.
+ LivePhysRegs LiveRegSet;
+
+ ReachingDefAnalysis *RDA;
+
+public:
+ static char ID; // Pass identification, replacement for typeid
+
+ BreakFalseDeps() : MachineFunctionPass(ID) {
+ initializeBreakFalseDepsPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
+ }
+
+ void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
+ AU.setPreservesAll();
+ AU.addRequired<ReachingDefAnalysis>();
+ MachineFunctionPass::getAnalysisUsage(AU);
+ }
+
+ bool runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &MF) override;
+
+ MachineFunctionProperties getRequiredProperties() const override {
+ return MachineFunctionProperties().set(
+ MachineFunctionProperties::Property::NoVRegs);
+ }
+
+private:
+ /// Process he given basic block.
+ void processBasicBlock(MachineBasicBlock *MBB);
+
+ /// Update def-ages for registers defined by MI.
+ /// Also break dependencies on partial defs and undef uses.
+ void processDefs(MachineInstr *MI);
+
+ /// Helps avoid false dependencies on undef registers by updating the
+ /// machine instructions' undef operand to use a register that the instruction
+ /// is truly dependent on, or use a register with clearance higher than Pref.
+ /// Returns true if it was able to find a true dependency, thus not requiring
+ /// a dependency breaking instruction regardless of clearance.
+ bool pickBestRegisterForUndef(MachineInstr *MI, unsigned OpIdx,
+ unsigned Pref);
+
+ /// Return true to if it makes sense to break dependence on a partial
+ /// def or undef use.
+ bool shouldBreakDependence(MachineInstr *, unsigned OpIdx, unsigned Pref);
+
+ /// Break false dependencies on undefined register reads.
+ /// Walk the block backward computing precise liveness. This is expensive, so
+ /// we only do it on demand. Note that the occurrence of undefined register
+ /// reads that should be broken is very rare, but when they occur we may have
+ /// many in a single block.
+ void processUndefReads(MachineBasicBlock *);
+};
+
+} // namespace llvm
+
+#define DEBUG_TYPE "break-false-deps"
+
+char BreakFalseDeps::ID = 0;
+INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(BreakFalseDeps, DEBUG_TYPE, "BreakFalseDeps", false, false)
+INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(ReachingDefAnalysis)
+INITIALIZE_PASS_END(BreakFalseDeps, DEBUG_TYPE, "BreakFalseDeps", false, false)
+
+FunctionPass *llvm::createBreakFalseDeps() { return new BreakFalseDeps(); }
+
+bool BreakFalseDeps::pickBestRegisterForUndef(MachineInstr *MI, unsigned OpIdx,
+ unsigned Pref) {
+ MachineOperand &MO = MI->getOperand(OpIdx);
+ assert(MO.isUndef() && "Expected undef machine operand");
+
+ unsigned OriginalReg = MO.getReg();
+
+ // Update only undef operands that have reg units that are mapped to one root.
+ for (MCRegUnitIterator Unit(OriginalReg, TRI); Unit.isValid(); ++Unit) {
+ unsigned NumRoots = 0;
+ for (MCRegUnitRootIterator Root(*Unit, TRI); Root.isValid(); ++Root) {
+ NumRoots++;
+ if (NumRoots > 1)
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Get the undef operand's register class
+ const TargetRegisterClass *OpRC =
+ TII->getRegClass(MI->getDesc(), OpIdx, TRI, *MF);
+
+ // If the instruction has a true dependency, we can hide the false depdency
+ // behind it.
+ for (MachineOperand &CurrMO : MI->operands()) {
+ if (!CurrMO.isReg() || CurrMO.isDef() || CurrMO.isUndef() ||
+ !OpRC->contains(CurrMO.getReg()))
+ continue;
+ // We found a true dependency - replace the undef register with the true
+ // dependency.
+ MO.setReg(CurrMO.getReg());
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ // Go over all registers in the register class and find the register with
+ // max clearance or clearance higher than Pref.
+ unsigned MaxClearance = 0;
+ unsigned MaxClearanceReg = OriginalReg;
+ ArrayRef<MCPhysReg> Order = RegClassInfo.getOrder(OpRC);
+ for (MCPhysReg Reg : Order) {
+ unsigned Clearance = RDA->getClearance(MI, Reg);
+ if (Clearance <= MaxClearance)
+ continue;
+ MaxClearance = Clearance;
+ MaxClearanceReg = Reg;
+
+ if (MaxClearance > Pref)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // Update the operand if we found a register with better clearance.
+ if (MaxClearanceReg != OriginalReg)
+ MO.setReg(MaxClearanceReg);
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+bool BreakFalseDeps::shouldBreakDependence(MachineInstr *MI, unsigned OpIdx,
+ unsigned Pref) {
+ unsigned reg = MI->getOperand(OpIdx).getReg();
+ unsigned Clearance = RDA->getClearance(MI, reg);
+ LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Clearance: " << Clearance << ", want " << Pref);
+
+ if (Pref > Clearance) {
+ LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << ": Break dependency.\n");
+ return true;
+ }
+ LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << ": OK .\n");
+ return false;
+}
+
+void BreakFalseDeps::processDefs(MachineInstr *MI) {
+ assert(!MI->isDebugInstr() && "Won't process debug values");
+
+ // Break dependence on undef uses. Do this before updating LiveRegs below.
+ unsigned OpNum;
+ unsigned Pref = TII->getUndefRegClearance(*MI, OpNum, TRI);
+ if (Pref) {
+ bool HadTrueDependency = pickBestRegisterForUndef(MI, OpNum, Pref);
+ // We don't need to bother trying to break a dependency if this
+ // instruction has a true dependency on that register through another
+ // operand - we'll have to wait for it to be available regardless.
+ if (!HadTrueDependency && shouldBreakDependence(MI, OpNum, Pref))
+ UndefReads.push_back(std::make_pair(MI, OpNum));
+ }
+
+ const MCInstrDesc &MCID = MI->getDesc();
+ for (unsigned i = 0,
+ e = MI->isVariadic() ? MI->getNumOperands() : MCID.getNumDefs();
+ i != e; ++i) {
+ MachineOperand &MO = MI->getOperand(i);
+ if (!MO.isReg() || !MO.getReg())
+ continue;
+ if (MO.isUse())
+ continue;
+ // Check clearance before partial register updates.
+ unsigned Pref = TII->getPartialRegUpdateClearance(*MI, i, TRI);
+ if (Pref && shouldBreakDependence(MI, i, Pref))
+ TII->breakPartialRegDependency(*MI, i, TRI);
+ }
+}
+
+void BreakFalseDeps::processUndefReads(MachineBasicBlock *MBB) {
+ if (UndefReads.empty())
+ return;
+
+ // Collect this block's live out register units.
+ LiveRegSet.init(*TRI);
+ // We do not need to care about pristine registers as they are just preserved
+ // but not actually used in the function.
+ LiveRegSet.addLiveOutsNoPristines(*MBB);
+
+ MachineInstr *UndefMI = UndefReads.back().first;
+ unsigned OpIdx = UndefReads.back().second;
+
+ for (MachineInstr &I : make_range(MBB->rbegin(), MBB->rend())) {
+ // Update liveness, including the current instruction's defs.
+ LiveRegSet.stepBackward(I);
+
+ if (UndefMI == &I) {
+ if (!LiveRegSet.contains(UndefMI->getOperand(OpIdx).getReg()))
+ TII->breakPartialRegDependency(*UndefMI, OpIdx, TRI);
+
+ UndefReads.pop_back();
+ if (UndefReads.empty())
+ return;
+
+ UndefMI = UndefReads.back().first;
+ OpIdx = UndefReads.back().second;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+void BreakFalseDeps::processBasicBlock(MachineBasicBlock *MBB) {
+ UndefReads.clear();
+ // If this block is not done, it makes little sense to make any decisions
+ // based on clearance information. We need to make a second pass anyway,
+ // and by then we'll have better information, so we can avoid doing the work
+ // to try and break dependencies now.
+ for (MachineInstr &MI : *MBB) {
+ if (!MI.isDebugInstr())
+ processDefs(&MI);
+ }
+ processUndefReads(MBB);
+}
+
+bool BreakFalseDeps::runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &mf) {
+ if (skipFunction(mf.getFunction()))
+ return false;
+ MF = &mf;
+ TII = MF->getSubtarget().getInstrInfo();
+ TRI = MF->getSubtarget().getRegisterInfo();
+ RDA = &getAnalysis<ReachingDefAnalysis>();
+
+ RegClassInfo.runOnMachineFunction(mf);
+
+ LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "********** BREAK FALSE DEPENDENCIES **********\n");
+
+ // Traverse the basic blocks.
+ for (MachineBasicBlock &MBB : mf) {
+ processBasicBlock(&MBB);
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}