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author | Rodney W. Grimes <rgrimes@FreeBSD.org> | 1994-05-26 06:18:55 +0000 |
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committer | Rodney W. Grimes <rgrimes@FreeBSD.org> | 1994-05-26 06:18:55 +0000 |
commit | 4b88c807ea9c629dc5691abc7e3cac9ea0d776dd (patch) | |
tree | a0ed2782ab2ff5ad5db9841d4dc4cd101011351e /bin/ps/ps.1 | |
parent | 02fab103c2c95a70fba081eca1f9c05e6665b872 (diff) | |
download | src-4b88c807ea9c629dc5691abc7e3cac9ea0d776dd.tar.gz src-4b88c807ea9c629dc5691abc7e3cac9ea0d776dd.zip |
BSD 4.4 Lite bin Sources
Notes
Notes:
svn path=/head/; revision=1556
Diffstat (limited to 'bin/ps/ps.1')
-rw-r--r-- | bin/ps/ps.1 | 502 |
1 files changed, 502 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/bin/ps/ps.1 b/bin/ps/ps.1 new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..b0345f7fb6d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/bin/ps/ps.1 @@ -0,0 +1,502 @@ +.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994 +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +.\" must display the following acknowledgement: +.\" This product includes software developed by the University of +.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. +.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +.\" without specific prior written permission. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" @(#)ps.1 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/18/94 +.\" +.Dd April 18, 1994 +.Dt PS 1 +.Os BSD 4 +.Sh NAME +.Nm \&ps +.Nd process status +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm \&ps +.Op Fl aCehjlmrSTuvwx +.Op Fl M Ar core +.Op Fl N Ar system +.Op Fl O Ar fmt +.Op Fl o Ar fmt +.Op Fl p Ar pid +.Op Fl t Ar tty +.Op Fl W Ar swap +.Nm ps +.Op Fl L +.Sh DESCRIPTION +.Nm \&Ps +displays a header line followed by lines containing information about your +processes that have controlling terminals. +This information is sorted by process +.Tn ID . +.Pp +The information displayed is selected based on a set of keywords (see the +.Fl L +.Fl O +and +.Fl o +options). +The default output format includes, for each process, the process' +.Tn ID , +controlling terminal, cpu time (including both user and system time), +state, and associated command. +.Pp +The options are as follows: +.Bl -tag -width indent +.It Fl a +Display information about other users' processes as well as your own. +.It Fl C +Change the way the cpu percentage is calculated by using a ``raw'' +cpu calculation that ignores ``resident'' time (this normally has +no effect). +.It Fl e +Display the environment as well. +.It Fl h +Repeat the information header as often as necessary to guarantee one +header per page of information. +.It Fl j +Print information associated with the following keywords: +user, pid, ppid, pgid, sess, jobc, state, tt, time and command. +.It Fl L +List the set of available keywords. +.It Fl l +Display information associated with the following keywords: +uid, pid, ppid, cpu, pri, nice, vsz, rss, wchan, state, tt, time +and command. +.It Fl M +Extract values associated with the name list from the specified core +instead of the default +.Dq Pa /dev/kmem . +.It Fl m +Sort by memory usage, instead of by process +.Tn ID . +.It Fl N +Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the default +.Dq Pa /vmunix . +.It Fl O +Add the information associated with the space or comma separated list +of keywords specified, after the process +.Tn ID , +in the default information +display. +Keywords may be appended with an equals (``='') sign and a string. +This causes the printed header to use the specified string instead of +the standard header. +.It Fl o +Display information associated with the space or comma separated list +of keywords specified. +Keywords may be appended with an equals (``='') sign and a string. +This causes the printed header to use the specified string instead of +the standard header. +.It Fl p +Display information associated with the specified process +.Tn ID . +.It Fl r +Sort by current cpu usage, instead of by process +.Tn ID . +.It Fl S +Change the way the process time is calculated by summing all exited +children to their parent process. +.It Fl T +Display information about processes attached to the device associated +with the standard input. +.It Fl t +Display information about processes attached to the specified terminal +device. +.It Fl u +Display information associated with the following keywords: +user, pid, %cpu, %mem, vsz, rss, tt, state, start, time and command. +The +.Fl u +option implies the +.Fl r +option. +.It Fl v +Display information associated with the following keywords: +pid, state, time, sl, re, pagein, vsz, rss, lim, tsiz, +%cpu, %mem and command. +The +.Fl v +option implies the +.Fl m +option. +.It Fl W +Extract swap information from the specified file instead of the +default +.Dq Pa /dev/swap . +.It Fl w +Use 132 columns to display information, instead of the default which +is your window size. +If the +.Fl w +option is specified more than once, +.Nm \&ps +will use as many columns as necessary without regard for your window size. +.It Fl x +Display information about processes without controlling terminals. +.El +.Pp +A complete list of the available keywords are listed below. +Some of these keywords are further specified as follows: +.Bl -tag -width indent +.It %cpu +The cpu utilization of the process; this is a decaying average over up to +a minute of previous (real) time. +Since the time base over which this is computed varies (since processes may +be very young) it is possible for the sum of all +.Tn \&%CPU +fields to exceed 100%. +.It %mem +The percentage of real memory used by this process. +.It flags +The flags (in hexadecimal) associated with the process as in +the include file +.Aq Pa sys/proc.h : +.Bl -column SNOCLDSTOP SNOCLDSTOP +.It Dv "SLOAD" Ta No "0x0000001 in core" +.It Dv "SSYS" Ta No "0x0000002 swapper or pager process" +.It Dv "SLOCK" Ta No "0x0000004 process being swapped out" +.It Dv "SSWAP" Ta No "0x0000008 save area flag" +.It Dv "STRC" Ta No "0x0000010 process is being traced" +.It Dv "SWTED" Ta No "0x0000020 another tracing flag" +.It Dv "SSINTR" Ta No "0x0000040 sleep is interruptible" +.It Dv "SKEEP" Ta No "0x0000100 another flag to prevent swap out" +.It Dv "SOMASK" Ta No "0x0000200 restore old mask after taking signal" +.It Dv "SWEXIT" Ta No "0x0000400 working on exiting" +.It Dv "SPHYSIO" Ta No "0x0000800 doing physical" +.Tn I/O +.It Dv "SVFORK" Ta No "0x0001000 process resulted from" +.Xr vfork 2 +.It Dv "SVFDONE" Ta No "0x0002000 another" +.Xr vfork +flag +.It Dv "SNOVM" Ta No "0x0004000 no vm, parent in a" +.Xr vfork +.It Dv "SPAGV" Ta No "0x0008000 init data space on demand, from vnode" +.It Dv "SSEQL" Ta No "0x0010000 user warned of sequential vm behavior" +.It Dv "SUANOM" Ta No "0x0020000 user warned of random vm behavior" +.It Dv "STIMO" Ta No "0x0040000 timing out during sleep" +.It Dv "SNOCLDSTOP" Ta No "0x0080000 no" +.Dv SIGCHLD +when children stop +.It Dv "SCTTY" Ta No "0x0100000 has a controlling terminal" +.It Dv "SOWEUPC" Ta No "0x0200000 owe process an addupc() call at next ast" +.\" the routine addupc is not documented in the man pages +.It Dv "SSEL" Ta No "0x0400000 selecting; wakeup/waiting danger" +.It Dv "SEXEC" Ta No "0x0800000 process called" +.Xr exec 2 +.It Dv "SHPUX" Ta No "0x1000000 \\*(tNHP-UX\\*(sP process +.Pq Dv HPUXCOMPAT +.It Dv "SULOCK" Ta No "0x2000000 locked in core after swap error" +.It Dv "SPTECHG" Ta No "0x4000000 pte's for process have changed" +.El +.It lim +The soft limit on memory used, specified via a call to +.Xr setrlimit 2 . +.It lstart +The exact time the command started, using the ``%C'' format described in +.Xr strftime 3 . +.It nice +The process scheduling increment (see +.Xr setpriority 2 ) . +.It rss +the real memory (resident set) size of the process (in 1024 byte units). +.It start +The time the command started. +If the command started less than 24 hours ago, the start time is +displayed using the ``%l:ps.1p'' format described in +.Xr strftime 3 . +If the command started less than 7 days ago, the start time is +displayed using the ``%a6.15p'' format. +Otherwise, the start time is displayed using the ``%e%b%y'' format. +.It state +The state is given by a sequence of letters, for example, +.Dq Tn RWNA . +The first letter indicates the run state of the process: +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width indent -compact +.It D +Marks a process in disk (or other short term, uninterruptible) wait. +.It I +Marks a process that is idle (sleeping for longer than about 20 seconds). +.It R +Marks a runnable process. +.It S +Marks a process that is sleeping for less than about 20 seconds. +.It T +Marks a stopped process. +.It Z +Marks a dead process (a ``zombie''). +.El +.Pp +Additional characters after these, if any, indicate additional state +information: +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width indent -compact +.It + +The process is in the foreground process group of its control terminal. +.It < +The process has raised +.Tn CPU +scheduling priority. +.It > +The process has specified a soft limit on memory requirements and is +currently exceeding that limit; such a process is (necessarily) not +swapped. +.It A +the process has asked for random page replacement +.Pf ( Dv VA_ANOM , +from +.Xr vadvise 2 , +for example, +.Xr lisp 1 +in a garbage collect). +.It E +The process is trying to exit. +.It L +The process has pages locked in core (for example, for raw +.Tn I/O ) . +.It N +The process has reduced +.Tn CPU +scheduling priority (see +.Xr setpriority 2 ) . +.It S +The process has asked for +.Tn FIFO +page replacement +.Pf ( Dv VA_SEQL , +from +.Xr vadvise 2 , +for example, a large image processing program using virtual memory to +sequentially address voluminous data). +.It s +The process is a session leader. +.It V +The process is suspended during a +.Xr vfork . +.It W +The process is swapped out. +.It X +The process is being traced or debugged. +.El +.It tt +An abbreviation for the pathname of the controlling terminal, if any. +The abbreviation consists of the two letters following +.Dq Pa /dev/tty , +or, for the console, ``co''. +This is followed by a ``-'' if the process can no longer reach that +controlling terminal (i.e., it has been revoked). +.It wchan +The event (an address in the system) on which a process waits. +When printed numerically, the initial part of the address is +trimmed off and the result is printed in hex, for example, 0x80324000 prints +as 324000. +.El +.Pp +When printing using the command keyword, a process that has exited and +has a parent that has not yet waited for the process (in other words, a zombie) +is listed as ``<defunct>'', and a process which is blocked while trying +to exit is listed as ``<exiting>''. +.Nm \&Ps +makes an educated guess as to the file name and arguments given when the +process was created by examining memory or the swap area. +The method is inherently somewhat unreliable and in any event a process +is entitled to destroy this information, so the names cannot be depended +on too much. +The ucomm (accounting) keyword can, however, be depended on. +.Sh KEYWORDS +The following is a complete list of the available keywords and their +meanings. +Several of them have aliases (keywords which are synonyms). +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width sigignore -compact +.It %cpu +percentage cpu usage (alias pcpu) +.It %mem +percentage memory usage (alias pmem) +.It acflag +accounting flag (alias acflg) +.It command +command and arguments +.It cpu +short-term cpu usage factor (for scheduling) +.It flags +the process flags, in hexadecimal (alias f) +.It inblk +total blocks read (alias inblock) +.It jobc +job control count +.It ktrace +tracing flags +.It ktracep +tracing vnode +.It lim +memoryuse limit +.It logname +login name of user who started the process +.It lstart +time started +.It majflt +total page faults +.It minflt +total page reclaims +.It msgrcv +total messages received (reads from pipes/sockets) +.It msgsnd +total messages sent (writes on pipes/sockets) +.It nice +nice value (alias ni) +.It nivcsw +total involuntary context switches +.It nsigs +total signals taken (alias nsignals) +.It nswap +total swaps in/out +.It nvcsw +total voluntary context switches +.It nwchan +wait channel (as an address) +.It oublk +total blocks written (alias oublock) +.It p_ru +resource usage (valid only for zombie) +.It paddr +swap address +.It pagein +pageins (same as majflt) +.It pgid +process group number +.It pid +process +.Tn ID +.It poip +pageouts in progress +.It ppid +parent process +.Tn ID +.It pri +scheduling priority +.It re +core residency time (in seconds; 127 = infinity) +.It rgid +real group +.Tn ID +.It rlink +reverse link on run queue, or 0 +.It rss +resident set size +.It rsz +resident set size + (text size / text use count) (alias rssize) +.It ruid +real user +.Tn ID +.It ruser +user name (from ruid) +.It sess +session pointer +.It sig +pending signals (alias pending) +.It sigcatch +caught signals (alias caught) +.It sigignore +ignored signals (alias ignored) +.It sigmask +blocked signals (alias blocked) +.It sl +sleep time (in seconds; 127 = infinity) +.It start +time started +.It state +symbolic process state (alias stat) +.It svgid +saved gid from a setgid executable +.It svuid +saved uid from a setuid executable +.It tdev +control terminal device number +.It time +accumulated cpu time, user + system (alias cputime) +.It tpgid +control terminal process group +.Tn ID +.\".It trss +.\"text resident set size (in Kbytes) +.It tsess +control terminal session pointer +.It tsiz +text size (in Kbytes) +.It tt +control terminal name (two letter abbreviation) +.It tty +full name of control terminal +.It uprocp +process pointer +.It ucomm +name to be used for accounting +.It uid +effective user +.Tn ID +.It upr +scheduling priority on return from system call (alias usrpri) +.It user +user name (from uid) +.It vsz +virtual size in Kbytes (alias vsize) +.It wchan +wait channel (as a symbolic name) +.It xstat +exit or stop status (valid only for stopped or zombie process) +.El +.Sh FILES +.Bl -tag -width /var/run/kvm_vmunix.db -compact +.It Pa /dev +special files and device names +.It Pa /dev/drum +default swap device +.It Pa /dev/kmem +default kernel memory +.It Pa /var/run/dev.db +/dev name database +.It Pa /var/run/kvm_vmunix.db +system namelist database +.It Pa /vmunix +default system namelist +.El +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr kill 1 , +.Xr w 1 , +.Xr kvm 3 , +.Xr strftime 3 , +.Xr pstat 8 +.Sh BUGS +Since +.Nm \&ps +cannot run faster than the system and is run as any other scheduled +process, the information it displays can never be exact. |