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+//== TrustNonnullChecker.cpp --------- API nullability modeling -*- C++ -*--==//
+//
+// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This checker adds nullability-related assumptions:
+//
+// 1. Methods annotated with _Nonnull
+// which come from system headers actually return a non-null pointer.
+//
+// 2. NSDictionary key is non-null after the keyword subscript operation
+// on read if and only if the resulting expression is non-null.
+//
+// 3. NSMutableDictionary index is non-null after a write operation.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/BuiltinCheckerRegistration.h"
+#include "clang/Analysis/SelectorExtras.h"
+#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/Checker.h"
+#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/CheckerManager.h"
+#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerContext.h"
+#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerHelpers.h"
+#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CallEvent.h"
+
+using namespace clang;
+using namespace ento;
+
+/// Records implications between symbols.
+/// The semantics is:
+/// (antecedent != 0) => (consequent != 0)
+/// These implications are then read during the evaluation of the assumption,
+/// and the appropriate antecedents are applied.
+REGISTER_MAP_WITH_PROGRAMSTATE(NonNullImplicationMap, SymbolRef, SymbolRef)
+
+/// The semantics is:
+/// (antecedent == 0) => (consequent == 0)
+REGISTER_MAP_WITH_PROGRAMSTATE(NullImplicationMap, SymbolRef, SymbolRef)
+
+namespace {
+
+class TrustNonnullChecker : public Checker<check::PostCall,
+ check::PostObjCMessage,
+ check::DeadSymbols,
+ eval::Assume> {
+ // Do not try to iterate over symbols with higher complexity.
+ static unsigned constexpr ComplexityThreshold = 10;
+ Selector ObjectForKeyedSubscriptSel;
+ Selector ObjectForKeySel;
+ Selector SetObjectForKeyedSubscriptSel;
+ Selector SetObjectForKeySel;
+
+public:
+ TrustNonnullChecker(ASTContext &Ctx)
+ : ObjectForKeyedSubscriptSel(
+ getKeywordSelector(Ctx, "objectForKeyedSubscript")),
+ ObjectForKeySel(getKeywordSelector(Ctx, "objectForKey")),
+ SetObjectForKeyedSubscriptSel(
+ getKeywordSelector(Ctx, "setObject", "forKeyedSubscript")),
+ SetObjectForKeySel(getKeywordSelector(Ctx, "setObject", "forKey")) {}
+
+ ProgramStateRef evalAssume(ProgramStateRef State,
+ SVal Cond,
+ bool Assumption) const {
+ const SymbolRef CondS = Cond.getAsSymbol();
+ if (!CondS || CondS->computeComplexity() > ComplexityThreshold)
+ return State;
+
+ for (auto B=CondS->symbol_begin(), E=CondS->symbol_end(); B != E; ++B) {
+ const SymbolRef Antecedent = *B;
+ State = addImplication(Antecedent, State, true);
+ State = addImplication(Antecedent, State, false);
+ }
+
+ return State;
+ }
+
+ void checkPostCall(const CallEvent &Call, CheckerContext &C) const {
+ // Only trust annotations for system headers for non-protocols.
+ if (!Call.isInSystemHeader())
+ return;
+
+ ProgramStateRef State = C.getState();
+
+ if (isNonNullPtr(Call, C))
+ if (auto L = Call.getReturnValue().getAs<Loc>())
+ State = State->assume(*L, /*Assumption=*/true);
+
+ C.addTransition(State);
+ }
+
+ void checkPostObjCMessage(const ObjCMethodCall &Msg,
+ CheckerContext &C) const {
+ const ObjCInterfaceDecl *ID = Msg.getReceiverInterface();
+ if (!ID)
+ return;
+
+ ProgramStateRef State = C.getState();
+
+ // Index to setter for NSMutableDictionary is assumed to be non-null,
+ // as an exception is thrown otherwise.
+ if (interfaceHasSuperclass(ID, "NSMutableDictionary") &&
+ (Msg.getSelector() == SetObjectForKeyedSubscriptSel ||
+ Msg.getSelector() == SetObjectForKeySel)) {
+ if (auto L = Msg.getArgSVal(1).getAs<Loc>())
+ State = State->assume(*L, /*Assumption=*/true);
+ }
+
+ // Record an implication: index is non-null if the output is non-null.
+ if (interfaceHasSuperclass(ID, "NSDictionary") &&
+ (Msg.getSelector() == ObjectForKeyedSubscriptSel ||
+ Msg.getSelector() == ObjectForKeySel)) {
+ SymbolRef ArgS = Msg.getArgSVal(0).getAsSymbol();
+ SymbolRef RetS = Msg.getReturnValue().getAsSymbol();
+
+ if (ArgS && RetS) {
+ // Emulate an implication: the argument is non-null if
+ // the return value is non-null.
+ State = State->set<NonNullImplicationMap>(RetS, ArgS);
+
+ // Conversely, when the argument is null, the return value
+ // is definitely null.
+ State = State->set<NullImplicationMap>(ArgS, RetS);
+ }
+ }
+
+ C.addTransition(State);
+ }
+
+ void checkDeadSymbols(SymbolReaper &SymReaper, CheckerContext &C) const {
+ ProgramStateRef State = C.getState();
+
+ State = dropDeadFromGDM<NullImplicationMap>(SymReaper, State);
+ State = dropDeadFromGDM<NonNullImplicationMap>(SymReaper, State);
+
+ C.addTransition(State);
+ }
+
+private:
+
+ /// \returns State with GDM \p MapName where all dead symbols were
+ // removed.
+ template <typename MapName>
+ ProgramStateRef dropDeadFromGDM(SymbolReaper &SymReaper,
+ ProgramStateRef State) const {
+ for (const std::pair<SymbolRef, SymbolRef> &P : State->get<MapName>())
+ if (!SymReaper.isLive(P.first) || !SymReaper.isLive(P.second))
+ State = State->remove<MapName>(P.first);
+ return State;
+ }
+
+ /// \returns Whether we trust the result of the method call to be
+ /// a non-null pointer.
+ bool isNonNullPtr(const CallEvent &Call, CheckerContext &C) const {
+ QualType ExprRetType = Call.getResultType();
+ if (!ExprRetType->isAnyPointerType())
+ return false;
+
+ if (getNullabilityAnnotation(ExprRetType) == Nullability::Nonnull)
+ return true;
+
+ // The logic for ObjC instance method calls is more complicated,
+ // as the return value is nil when the receiver is nil.
+ if (!isa<ObjCMethodCall>(&Call))
+ return false;
+
+ const auto *MCall = cast<ObjCMethodCall>(&Call);
+ const ObjCMethodDecl *MD = MCall->getDecl();
+
+ // Distrust protocols.
+ if (isa<ObjCProtocolDecl>(MD->getDeclContext()))
+ return false;
+
+ QualType DeclRetType = MD->getReturnType();
+ if (getNullabilityAnnotation(DeclRetType) != Nullability::Nonnull)
+ return false;
+
+ // For class messages it is sufficient for the declaration to be
+ // annotated _Nonnull.
+ if (!MCall->isInstanceMessage())
+ return true;
+
+ // Alternatively, the analyzer could know that the receiver is not null.
+ SVal Receiver = MCall->getReceiverSVal();
+ ConditionTruthVal TV = C.getState()->isNonNull(Receiver);
+ if (TV.isConstrainedTrue())
+ return true;
+
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ /// \return Whether \p ID has a superclass by the name \p ClassName.
+ bool interfaceHasSuperclass(const ObjCInterfaceDecl *ID,
+ StringRef ClassName) const {
+ if (ID->getIdentifier()->getName() == ClassName)
+ return true;
+
+ if (const ObjCInterfaceDecl *Super = ID->getSuperClass())
+ return interfaceHasSuperclass(Super, ClassName);
+
+ return false;
+ }
+
+
+ /// \return a state with an optional implication added (if exists)
+ /// from a map of recorded implications.
+ /// If \p Negated is true, checks NullImplicationMap, and assumes
+ /// the negation of \p Antecedent.
+ /// Checks NonNullImplicationMap and assumes \p Antecedent otherwise.
+ ProgramStateRef addImplication(SymbolRef Antecedent,
+ ProgramStateRef InputState,
+ bool Negated) const {
+ if (!InputState)
+ return nullptr;
+ SValBuilder &SVB = InputState->getStateManager().getSValBuilder();
+ const SymbolRef *Consequent =
+ Negated ? InputState->get<NonNullImplicationMap>(Antecedent)
+ : InputState->get<NullImplicationMap>(Antecedent);
+ if (!Consequent)
+ return InputState;
+
+ SVal AntecedentV = SVB.makeSymbolVal(Antecedent);
+ ProgramStateRef State = InputState;
+
+ if ((Negated && InputState->isNonNull(AntecedentV).isConstrainedTrue())
+ || (!Negated && InputState->isNull(AntecedentV).isConstrainedTrue())) {
+ SVal ConsequentS = SVB.makeSymbolVal(*Consequent);
+ State = InputState->assume(ConsequentS.castAs<DefinedSVal>(), Negated);
+ if (!State)
+ return nullptr;
+
+ // Drop implications from the map.
+ if (Negated) {
+ State = State->remove<NonNullImplicationMap>(Antecedent);
+ State = State->remove<NullImplicationMap>(*Consequent);
+ } else {
+ State = State->remove<NullImplicationMap>(Antecedent);
+ State = State->remove<NonNullImplicationMap>(*Consequent);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return State;
+ }
+};
+
+} // end empty namespace
+
+
+void ento::registerTrustNonnullChecker(CheckerManager &Mgr) {
+ Mgr.registerChecker<TrustNonnullChecker>(Mgr.getASTContext());
+}